Defined as the attributes of a system visible to a programmer, such as instruction sets, addressing techniques, and data types. Computer Organization:
: Detailed analysis of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) , Control Unit, and the interaction between memory registers (Accumulator, Instruction Register, Program Counter).
It remains an excellent, non-intimidating introduction to computer architecture before jumping into more complex architectures like ARM or x86.
：世界各地的大学图书馆普遍收藏了这本书的各个版本（Princeton University、Wright State University、NUS等均有馆藏记录）。通过这些机构的图书馆系统在线访问或者通过馆际互借（Interlibrary Loan）服务获取扫描版，是在版权法框架内最稳妥的途径。