Regan argued that animals, as "subjects-of-a-life," possess inherent value. They have beliefs, desires, memory, and a sense of the future. Therefore, they cannot be treated as resources for human ends.
is a philosophical position that goes a step further. Rights theorists argue that animals are not property to be used by humans at all. Led by philosophers like Tom Regan (who argued for "inherent value") and Peter Singer (who argued for "equal consideration of interests"), this view holds that sentient beings have a right to live free from exploitation, regardless of how "nice" the conditions are. From this perspective, using a sentient being as a means to an end—even if you treat it well—is a moral violation.
Providing sufficient space and proper facilities.
Animal welfare operates on the premise that humans have the right to use animals for food, research, entertainment, and companionship, provided that the animals are treated humanely. The core objective is to minimize unnecessary suffering and maximize quality of life.